Experience Alaska's living cultures

Embark on an overland journey like no other, traveling over Alaska's terrain via dog sled. Dog sledding, or mushing, has a long history in Alaska: Originating as transportation for Alaska Native cultures, it went on to become the official state sport in 1972. Throughout the state, visitors can join a range of dog sled tours, from jaunts lasting a couple of hours to multiday backcountry camping excursions. In the summer, rides typically take place on wheeled carts, but if you’re craving the sledding experience, you can helicopter to a glacier and glide over snow and ice behind a team of dogs under the midnight sun.

In addition to tours, kennels offer demonstrations that reveal how sled dogs and their mushers prepare for long-distance trips. Rangers at Denali National Park and Preserve—the only national park with a kennel of sled dogs—hold daily demos from May to September. Depending on the time of year, you might also be able to catch a sled dog race: The legendary Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race from Willow to Nome has a ceremonial start in downtown Anchorage every March, and the Yukon Quest International Sled Dog Race in February runs between Fairbanks and Whitehorse.

Thousands of Alaskans live in remote communities without road access. For many of these communities, small aircraft have long been a critical way to get supplies. Back when Alaska Airlines began in the 1930s, flights weren't scheduled—they took off when the plane was full. Today, traveling by bush plane or seaplane is an integral part of Alaskan culture.

The state's pioneering history of flight is on display at the Alaska Aviation Museum, located on the world's largest seaplane base, Anchorage's Lake Hood. Here, you'll be able to see more than 25 vintage aircraft, watch planes being restored, and get a pilot's-eye view in a full-immersion flight simulator. If you're eager to get off the ground, check out one of the state's many flightseeing and helicopter tours. Whether you take a short flight or a full-day trip, flightseeing is a great way to see some of Alaska's less-visited treasures, such as Wrangell-St. Elias National Park.

Located on Baranof Island in southeast Alaska, Sitka National Historical Park's natural beauty is punctuated by its signature feature: a collection of totem poles from the Tlingit and Haida people. They sit on ancestral land of the Tlingit Kiks.ádi clan, which is also the site of an 1804 battle between the clan and Russian invaders who eventually wrested control of Sitka. Americans acquired Alaska from Russia in 1867.
 
Nearly 40 years later, Tlingit and Haida tribes donated 15 totem poles to be exhibited at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis, Missouri. Most—but not all—made it back to Alaska. Today, visitors to the park can explore the mile-long Totem Trail, with its 18 Tlingit and Haida totems. A self-guided walking tour of the trail offers a window into the rich history of these carvings and the living cultures they represent. Local artisans such as Tlingit carver Tommy Joseph are also on-site throughout the week working on various totem carving projects and available to answer questions about their craft.

Once the site of a Tlingit summer fish camp, Ketchikan lies at the southern end of the Inside Passage and is the first port of call for ships heading north, earning it the nickname “Alaska’s First City.” Distinguished by its colorful waterfront buildings and the fact that it boasts the largest number of standing totem poles in the world, Ketchikan draws fishing buffs, nature lovers, and those wanting to experience Alaska Native culture and art. You'll find collections of totems at the Totem Heritage Center, Totem Bight State Historical Park, Saxman Totem Park, and Cape Fox Lodge, as well as dotted throughout downtown Ketchikan.

Learn about Ketchikan's remarkable history and art on a local-led walking tour, such as Where the Eagle Walks run by Tlingit Elder Joe Williams, Jr. With your guide, you might wander the pedestrian boardwalk on Creek Street, learn about the salmon that migrate through the area's waters, or watch Tlingit totem carvers at work in nearby Saxman Village.

Over a century ago, Icy Strait Point was the site of a salmon cannery. Today, the striking red building is a "port for adventure" owned and operated by a local Alaska Native corporation, Huna Totem. Located about 30 miles west of Juneau on Chichagof Island, Icy Strait Point is a prime attraction in the town of Hoonah, Alaska’s largest Tlingit village. The restored cannery, which opened in 2004, is now home to a museum and 1930s cannery line display.

After soaking in the area's history, you can tour Hoonah’s many shops and restaurants, explore the surrounding wilderness, and embark on local tours. If you're a thrill-seeker, zoom down from the peak at Hoonah Mountain on the the state's longest zip line. For a more relaxed adventure, head to the Yaakw Kahidi Cultural Center to learn about Tlingit customs and traditions such as hand-carving dugout canoes.

The second largest island in the United States is full of opportunities to spot wildlife, particularly bears and whales. Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge, established in 1941, is home to 3,500 Kodiak brown bears, which visitors can view from a safe distance on guided tours available through local lodges and camps. The Kodiak Brown Bear Center & Lodge, owned by the Alutiiq people, is one of several sightseeing operators located in the refuge. Offshore, local charter boats will take you whale watching, though you may also be able to see them from atop cliffs or on beaches.

In downtown Kodiak, check out the Alutiiq Museum. The museum features exhibits on local archaeology as well as the culture and art of the Alutiiq/Sugpiaq people, who have lived in Alaska's southcentral and southwest coastal areas for over 7,500 years. A short walk away you'll find the Kodiak History Museum. Its many stories begin with the building itself: Built in 1808, it was at various points a private home, event space, and boarding house.

The idea of "eating local," or sourcing food close to home, takes on a new dimension in Alaska. Home to over 12,000 rivers, three million lakes larger than five acres, and over 46,000 miles of shoreline, Alaska has an unparalleled bounty of fresh seafood. Some of the many species that inhabit Alaska waters include crab, shrimp, Pacific halibut, and salmon.

Don’t miss the chance to try salmon from an Alaska smokehouse, where filets are soaked in brine, hung out to dry, and smoked for hours over a wood fire. Historically, smokehouses indicated clan ownership of a river during the summer fishing season and are a longstanding way that Alaska Native cultures have preserved salmon. Restaurants like Duck Point Smokehouse in the Tlingit village of Hoonah allow visitors to indulge in this culinary tradition.

Other locally sourced products to keep an eye out for include birch syrup and meats such as elk, bison, and reindeer. Take a culinary tour or cooking class to sample and learn more about these foods. Also be sure to visit some of the state's many craft breweries, wineries, and distilleries.

Alaska is home to over 229 federally recognized tribes—and one of the best ways to learn about Alaska’s diverse living cultures is at the Alaska Native Heritage Center (ANHC) on Dena’ina lands in Anchorage. A unanimous vote of the Alaska Federation of Natives in 1987 kicked off the effort to build the center, which opened in 1999 and has welcomed visitors since. In 2021, the Ford Foundation recognized the ANHC as one of America’s Cultural Treasures.

The center includes six life-size villages, which offer a window into traditional ways of life for Alaska’s Iñupiat, St. Lawrence Island Yupik, Athabascan, Eyak, Haida, Tsimshian, Tlingit, Unangax̂, Alutiiq/Sugpiaq, Yup’ik, and Cup’ik peoples. Enjoy a self-guided tour of the villages’ dwellings and artifacts, but be sure to leave time to attend one or more of the many events at the center’s main complex, the Gathering Place. On any given day, you might be able to catch the astounding athletics of Alaska Native games, watch a traditional dance performance, learn words and phrases from one of Alaska’s 300 dialects, share teatime with an Elder, or join a guided tour of the exhibits at the Hall of Cultures.

Utqiaġvik is a town of great beauty and great extremes. In U.S. territory, it's as far north as you can get. From May 12 to August 2, the sun never sets. And from November 18 to January 23, darkness reigns 24 hours a day. Even in summer, a trip to the beach demands fortitude if you plan to go near the water, since the frigid Arctic Ocean waters hover in the low 30s Fahrenheit.

Drawn by the migration of Arctic bowhead whales, humans have inhabited Utqiaġvik for at least a millennium, with evidence of former residents going back as far as 1,500 years. Now one of the largest Iñupiat settlements in Alaska, Utqiaġvik was known as Barrow until 2016, when residents voted to revert back to the town's traditional name.

While you're visiting "the rooftop of the world," don't miss the Iñupiat Heritage Center, which features exhibits, a library, and events and demonstrations led by locals. Other spots to see include the "Gateway to the Arctic," a massive whalebone arch on the beach near the Cape Smythe Whaling and Trading Station that commemorates the town’s relationship to whaling, and the Birnirk National Historic Landmark archaeological site, which marks evidence of habitation by the Birnirk culture from about 500 to 900 A.D.

Year-round, Alaska hosts unforgettable events that offer a chance to experience regional customs, shop for locally made goods, and cheer on competitors in races and games. The Festival of Native Arts held each year in February or March is just one of many Alaska Native festivals and events. Since 1973, the festival has brought together artists, musicians, and storytellers at the University of Alaska Fairbanks to share workshops and performances.

Around the June solstice, Utqiaġvik holds the whaling festival of Nalukataq, a celebration that includes launching people into the air with a group-held blanket. "This cultural celebration is one of the best ways to experience the true meaning of sharing and really highlights the value system of the Iñupiat," writes Tara Sweeney, who grew up in Utqiaġvik. Other events include June's biennial Celebration festival in Juneau and the four-day World Eskimo-Indian Olympics, held in Fairbanks in July.